As is customary, a new year brings with it a new set of law reforms, improvements, progress and change and 2018 is no exception. A couple of issues ago, I explained the Sole-Trader Reform that came into effect on 1st January but now I am going to talk about a Project the Ministry of Infrastructure and Planning has had in the pipeline for a while now but is now in motion.

In this instance, Íñigo de la Serna, Cabinet Minister of the above-mentioned Department submitted a draft of the Decree in Congress last year; decree that outlines the Housing Plan Project 2018-2021 his department has been working on after extensive research and dialogue with Autonomous Regions, Town Halls, Associations, Political Groups and other administrations uncovered the needs that had been detected in this area.


The more than three million persons registered as self-employed in Spain are well-aware of the advantages and pitfalls that come with it. Spain, unlike many other European countries is considered quite inflexible in the way business owners, especially new business owners pay their Social Security contributions and taxes but there is finally a light at the end of the tunnel and the amendments that we have been campaigning for so long and have been in the pipeline for over one year are finally a reality. Let’s review the main points Ley 6/2017 of 24th October, Urgent Reforms to Autonomous Work offers. Note that the most important measures to do with taxes or the Social Security flat-rate will come into effect on the 1st January 2018 whereas the others are valid from the 25th October 2017.

  1. Social Security Flat-Rate and Other Discounts: Any new self-employed person or those who have not been registered as such in the last two years (currently five years) can benefit during a 12-month period of a reduced rate of 50 euros instead of the 6-month period that is currently in effect. After the initial 12 months, the following still applies:
    • From months 13 to 18: 50% reduced rate (137,97 euros)
    • From months 19 to 24: 30% reduced rate (192,79 euros)
    • From month 25 onwards: Normal rate (275,02 euros)

This means that besides increasing the flat-rate period, those who fulfil the criteria are entitled to reduced rates for 24 months!

Men under the age of 30 and women under the age of 35 who fulfill the above criteria may also opt for an additional 30% reduced rate in the twelve months immediately after the above schedule, therefore benefitting from 36 months of reduced payments at Social Security. The above measure applies even if the business owner hires employees.

If a self-employed person cancels this status at any point, they would have to wait three years before they can re-register and apply for the same reduced rates.

 

  1. Flexibility and Changing the Base Rate: To date, if a sole-trader for example, were to register on 13th October and cancelled on 8th November, they would be obligated to pay the full contribution for the months of October and November even though they only really worked 27 days. This new measure now allows for more flexibility to pay for the time they are actually registered. Many sole-traders choose the minimum base rate to pay the lowest Social Security contribution possible, however, they may opt to pay a higher tariff to increase the amount of money that goes towards their pensions. This reform now allows the base rate to be altered up to four times a year instead of two:
    • Applications from 1st January to 31st March apply on 1st April
    • Applications from 1st April to 30th June apply on 1st July
    • Applications from 1st July to 30th September apply on 1st October
    • Applications from 1st October to 31st December apply on 1st January of the following year

 

  1. Reduced Penalties: Social Security contributions are always charged on the last working day of the month but sometimes it can be difficult for a sole-trader to organize the necessary funds in time and this led to cruel and unusual punishment to the tune of a 20% fine for delayed payment. This has now been reduced to 10% under the reform. Remember however that any sole-trader who has reduced monthly rates will lose this privilege for late payment.
  2. Multiple Employment: Due to financial issues, many contribute to the Spanish Social Security system as employees AND as sole-traders simultaneously, meaning that there is usually an excess that should be refunded to them. Up until now, the sole-trader had to apply for said refund which involved a lot of unnecessary red tape but this procedure is now automatic and the refund would be payable by the Administration before 1st May of the following tax year.
  1. Tax Deductions: Financial concerns have also seen an increase in the number of sole-traders that choose to work from home. Even though this practice is advantageous, the Tax Office did not allow certain expenses to be deducted as it was not clear to them how much corresponds personal or professional use. For example, if the house and the office did not have independent electricity meters, this expense could not be deducted, but now this does not apply, and the Tax Office will allow 30% of electricity, water, gas and Internet bills to be deducted unless this does not correspond to the proportion to the square meterage the office takes up in relation to the total size of the house.

Travel, accommodation and meal expenses can also be deducted as long as these are directly related to the business activity, they arise at hotels and at establishments included within the hospitality sector, they are paid by electronic means with the relevant bill. The maximum that can be deducted is 27,27 euros per day on national territory and 48,00 euros per day abroad.

 

  1. Work-Related Accidents: Sole-trader who travel to their place of work (therefore excluding those who work from a home office) were not covered if they suffered an accident going to and from work as an employee would but thankfully this has now changed and is considered as a work-related accident.

 

  1. Work-Family Reconciliation: To favour family relations coupled with work obligations, the following measures apply:
    • 100% discount of Social Security contributions during maternity or paternity leave, adoption, at risk during pregnancy as long as this situation lasts for at least one month. Until now, the monthly contribution still had to be paid.
    • 100% discount of Social Security contributions during one year for the care of minors up to the age of twelve or dependent family members with recognized disabilities.

 

These are the most relevant changes but  it is not possible to include all the changes so whether you are already registered as self-employed or are planning to do so in the near future, make it a point to investigate any new advantages that may apply to your particular circumstances. The positive here is that the Spanish Government is finally listening to a collective, they have described under the Preface of this Law as the main driving force of the country’s wealth and employment.

As seen in The Voice Fuerteventura

As seen in The Voice Fuerteventura


Despite the deep hole Spanish banks have dug themselves over murky mortgage laws which has culminated in the refund of all monies property owners have grossly overpaid during the life of their mortgages, they are in deep water again with the European Commission (EC) for non-fulfillment of their obligations.

Along with Portugal, Croatia and Cyprus, on the 27th April 2017, the EC has decided to bring Spain before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) for non compliance of the agreement to incorporate EU mortgage legislation into their own.

These countries had until the 21st March 2016 to include EU directives into their national laws but they have failed to do so and as a result they have defied regulations that would create a unified mortgage credit market across Europe with consumer protection high on the list of objectives to achieve.

If you bear in mind that Spain had to be “rescued” financially by Europe to resolve the chaos that ensued after the fall in the property market, it is incredible they would once again defy EU rulings in this matter. Even though the Spanish government declares the required text is being prepared, it has now been two years since formal proceedings began but they have yet to even produce a draft copy of new measures to be enforced or even a specific time-frame as to when this document may be available. They also state the reason for the delay is that Spain did not have a working government throughout 2016 so this matter could not be advanced further. Now it rests in the hands of the Court to evaluated the situation and take any action they deem necessary.

Why issue does the EC have in the way Spain handles mortgage constitutions? Basically the  total lack of transparency as many were not duly advised of the now famous floor clause meaning they would not benefit if the interest rate fell before the rate stated in their individual contract. This in itself goes agains consumer rights and principles based on legislation approved back in 1993. Take on board also dubious evictions and there is a serious case against the Spanish Economic Ministry.

In other news, BBVA has finally begun to refund their clients all overpayments incurred because of the floor clause FOUR years after the Supreme Court deemed their contracts null and void and even after they declared last December they must return these monies. Despite these rulings against their practices, BBVA resisted and delayed as much as they could until finally they have been forced to comply. In the latter half of April, they began to advise and pay their customers what they are owed.

To this date, I have received information showing that some banks still include some form of floor clause in newly formalized contracts but it is detailed or “disguised” differently. Be aware of these practices and contract legal advise if you are unsure whether your mortgage includes a floor clause or not.

Stay tuned to this blog as I will be announcing news shortly about reclaiming YOUR bank for any monies you may be entitled to as a consumer.


As we are all acutely aware, sole-traders have faced numerous challenges and an uphill battle with the government in order to secure better and fairer conditions that would benefit their businesses. Normally our Social contributions increase in January of every year, not so in 2017 as the rates were frozen according to the State Bulletin in February. However, it would seem there has been new movement in this area since the General State Budget was submitted last Friday and the government  in a new twist intends to increase the minimum rate for sole-traders by 3%.


For many years business owners have been promised better conditions to allow them to initiate their activity and survive those crucial first years without the heavy burdens of high Social Security contributions and taxes. Even though some improvements have been made since 2013, we still have a long way to go especially when we compare what other countries pay towards their Social Security for the privilege of being self-employed.

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